Organic changes in BPH

Cell growth mainly in the transitional zone of the prostate.
The prostate gland is made up of 40 individual (see Anatomy of the prostate). The cell proliferation in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) occur mainly in the inner region of the prostate, glands adjacent to the bladder closure. It also calls it the transition zone.


The urethra is "squashed".
Expands the prostate from a certain critical point beyond, the urethra is narrowed. There is an obstruction of urine flow in the bladder emptying and bladder emptying is incomplete, although the actual bladder closure, the internal sphincter is open.


"Strength training" leads to a thickening of the bladder muscles.
The bladder has to contend with the emptying against increased outflow resistance. To some degree, the muscles of the bladder to overcome this resistance and compensate for the outflow obstruction. The result is that sufferers notice initially unaware of their disease. With ongoing development, however, the enlarged prostate and the length of the cross-sectional narrowing of the prostatic urethra so that both the urinary stream, and the pressure of the urine may be affected. The bladder muscles trying to tackle even against this resistance. This effort leads, as in "strength training" is a thickening of the bladder muscles. It formed the so-called muscular trabeculae.

Due to the increased pressure that must be applied during the emptying of the bladder, the bladder mucosa between the thickened muscle bands is pressed. This leads to the formation of baggy Mucus house protuberances who are called diverticula. The diverticula cause a weakening of the muscular coat of the bladder and can ignite themselves.

There is a continued outflow obstruction, the bladder is not completely empty after all. Then there is a part of the urine in the bladder, residual urine is called. The amount of residual urine increases with time more and more. Therefore, the bubble expands more and more.

The expansion in turn leads to the ureter closures are always open into the bladder. This can cause a backflow (reflux) of urine from the bladder into the ureter lead. The reflux can be so strong that a urinary forms to enter into the kidney. The consequences may be in the best case, recurrent urinary tract or bladder infections. In the worst cases, it may be a widening of the kidneys (hydronephrosis) with partial loss of function and even come to renal failure.