An examination of the ejaculate is part of the routine diagnosis of suspected infertility (infertility) in men. The investigation is only useful if the man before 3 to 5 days was sexually abstinent. The examination should be repeated after 1-2 weeks, because only on this basis, a final assessment made of fertility.
Only 5% of the ejaculate is sperm.
The ejaculate is also called sperm or semen. It is a mixture of sperm derived from testes, and secretions from the prostate and seminal vesicles. In this, the sperm only 5 percent of the ejaculate, the secretion of the prostate about 30 percent. The vast remainder comes from the seminal vesicles. It should be approximately 2 ml of the ejaculate. Per milliliter should it be located at least 20 million normal spermatozoa. This is the sperm density. Of these 20 million should be alive and 75 percent have at least 15 percent of a normal form, so that fertilization is likely.
Mobility and density of sperm can be assessed.
Important in assessing the fertility of the man but also the mobility of the sperm (motility) is. The motility is very important. It can be a substitute if the sperm density is low. So at least 50 percent of the sperm to a satisfactory or good Vorwärtsmotilität least 25 percent should be good to excellent motility within the first 60 minutes show. In addition, there are a number of "impurities" such as enzymes or fructose, which play a role in the quality of sperm and be assessed in the study.
Sperm-assessment:
Normozoospermie: All values correspond to those of a normal ejaculate.
Oligozoospermia: The sperm density below 20 million / ml
Asthenozoospermia: The sperm motility does not meet the standard values.
Teratozoospermia: formed less than 15 percent of normal sperm.
Azoospermia: no sperm in the ejaculate are found.
Aspermia: The man is not able to ejaculate.
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