Diseases of the testes

Testicular disease in men can occur in very different ways, which ranges from inflammation of deformities and painful testicles twists to malignant tumors.
One of the easier problems to be addressed include hydrocele (water breaking) and varicocele (varicocele). Testicular inflammation may also like epididymitis in surgical removal of unfavorable development of the inflamed organ require. Also, infertility may be caused by testicular or epididymal inflammation.
Immediate surgical treatment is necessary in case of testicular torsion.
Testicular tumors (testicular cancer) are the most common cancer in men between 18 and 40 years, with early treatment are good chances of recovery.
Hydrocele (Hydrocele)
Hydrocele is referred to as a transparent fluid in the scrotum. It occurs especially after an injury or inflammation of the testicles or epididymis and may be confused with an external hernia (Skrotalhernie).
How to recognize a Hydrocele?When water damage occurs to a rebound swelling (tumor) in the scrotum, which remains unchanged during pressing and cough (in contrast to inguinal hernia). The urologist may detect hydrocele with the help of an ultrasound examination. If the fluid accumulation punctured, it would be clear or - after an injury - even bloody. In contrast, the puncture fluid in the spermatocele turbid and contained many sperm under the microscope.
As the hydrocele is the treatment?The hydrocele is surgical removal. Only in exceptional cases (diagnosis) or inoperability of the patient, the hydrocele is punctured.
Varicocele (varicocele)
The varicocele, or varicose vein rupture is a pathological enlargement, extension, and varicose veins similar tortuosity of the scrotum. The varicose vein rupture usually occurs between 15 and 25 Age, and is usually located on the left.
Which may arise varicocele?There comes a whole range of different causes for the emergence of a varicocele in question:

    Anatomically a long history of free Hodenvene (testicular vein) in the abdomen or the back of an unfavorable Einstrombahn Hodenvene in the renal (renal vein) favoring effect

    a congenital weakness of the blood vessel walls

    Weakness or absence of venous valves

    a weakness of the muscles in the scrotum or the scrotum itself (called atonia of the scrotum)

    Pressure on the veins in the testicle or the scrotum (compression)
When the varicocele should be operated on?For pain or caused by varicocele disturbance of sperm production (sterility), the varicocele surgery.
Why should you even think?In children before puberty and older men, the varicocele may be especially on the right side a symptom of a more severe disease: You can indicate a disturbed flow of blood through the Hodenvene when the renal vein is obstructed by a tumor (the so- called Wilms' tumor in children, or renal cell cancer in older men).
Orchitis
The testicular inflammation (orchitis) occurs as a result of an infectious disease. Thus, for example mumps in adulthood lead to inflammation of the testicles. Another possible cause is the spread of epididymal inflammation in the testicles. Only very rarely, an isolated inflammation of the testicles, where no previous illness is seen as the cause (so-called Virusorchitis).
What symptoms does inflammation of the testicles?When it comes to testicular inflammation and swelling of a strong, sudden pain in the testicles. The skin of the scrotum may be reddened and there is high fever. In most cases there is also still the other disease or infection, which led to inflammation of the testicles.
As the inflammation of the testicles is the treatment?Since the cause of orchitis is usually a pre-existing conditions, the treatment of testicular inflammation is aimed mostly for the treatment of pre-existing conditions.
Inflammation of the epididymis (epididymitis)
The inflammation of the epididymis (epididymitis) usually occurs as a result of continued inflammation of the prostate guided or urinary tract. One can distinguish acute from chronic epididymitis.
Acute epididymitisAcute epididymitis is accompanied by severe pain in the affected region of the scrotum with radiation into the groin and lower abdomen. There is fever, swelling and tenderness of the testis and epididymis, which are no longer distinguishable from each other safe. The skin of the scrotum is very red and excited.
Chronic epididymitisIn the chronic form of epididymitis is usually a subsequent or final state of acute inflammation. The epididymis is slightly sensitive to pressure.
As the epididymitis is the treatment?The acute form is treated by administering antibiotics, elevation and cooling of the testes. If it comes to chronic form, the therapy consists in a jockstrap (one supporting device for elevation of the testes) or surgical removal of the affected epididymis.
Testicular torsion
The testicular torsion always represents an acute emergency situation in which the spermatic cord and testicles rotate around its own longitudinal axis, and the blood supply is interrupted. This can happen, for example by an abnormal motility. The testicular torsion occurs primarily in children or young adults.
What symptoms can be observed?The testicular torsion is characterized by acute episodes of unilateral (rarely bilateral) testicular swelling with redness and severe pain. It can also cause nausea and vomiting and in some cases leading to shock.
How is it diagnosed?Besides the above described symptoms of the testicles is very sensitive to pressure. If the testicle is raised, it does not lead to a reduction of pain, in contrast to epididymitis. You can also try to illuminate the testicles by a lamp held behind it. When testicular torsion is not possible because of the large swelling then, to illuminate the testicles. In the early stages of testicular torsion can be detected, the interrupted blood flow with a special ultrasound probe.
As one of the testicular torsion treated?It is important for the immediate operation in which the testicle is placed back into the correct position. If you wait too long with the surgery, you can come by the lack of blood flow to an infarction (death) of testicular tissue. For this tissue death occurs without surgery within the first 4-6 hours.