How sperm are formed?

The sperm cell development (spermatogenesis) takes place in the seminiferous tubules and is under the influence of hormones such as the male sex hormone testosterone. During embryonic development, it comes from the third fetal month to a division of stem cells (Gonozyten), are formed from starting until the sixth month of life precursors of sperm, called spermatogonia. The final development of these precursors begins with the onset of puberty. By division and differentiation, the spermatogonia develop into mature sperm now, the spermatozoa. The Gonozyten remain after the sixth month of life until 2 Of age receive and then go to the dogs. They develop to spermatozoa but no further.

Sperm cell formation, the whole long life
The sperm cell formation is the whole life long gone. Due to severe illness or extreme old age in the sperm, however, can be stopped. However, it can also come at a young age to a disruption of sperm formation, for example, undescended testicles, because too few have formed spermatozoa.
After developing into mature sperm, it takes about 72 days, the sperm are stored in the epididymis.

Sperm cell formation at low temperature
The sperm cell formation takes place only at a temperature that is lower than normal body temperature at 35 ° C. Why this is so is not yet well explored, but there is a hormonal control. If the temperature in the testicles higher than 35 ° C, then the sperm cell formation is inhibited or destroyed the sperm. But too low a temperature affects inhibitory effect on the sperm cell formation, but not in this case, the sperm are usually destroyed. So it is very important to keep the temperature in the testicles constant at 35 ° C. For this purpose, the body has its own regulatory mechanisms. If the temperature is too low in the testicles, the testicles first by flexing the testicles lift (cremaster) and finally the muscles of the scrotum pulled towards the body. If the temperature is too high, it stretches the muscles, thereby removing the testicles from the body heat (air cooling).

Appearance of sperm

Called sperm (spermatozoa), and spermatozoa are moving caudate cells from 50 - 60 m length, composed of the following parts:

    Head

    Neck

    Centerpiece

    Tail

The head has an oval shape that contains the nucleus with the genetic data. The top portion of the head is the acrosome, he sits on the sperm of a cap and contains important enzymes that allow the fertilization of female ovum penetration of the sperm.
The neck is called the short transition piece between the head and the middle piece of the sperm.

In the middle piece of the sperm mitochondria are located. The cell structures are used to produce energy. They are therefore also the "power plants" of cells known. They provide the energy for sperm locomotion.

The tail is the longest part of the sperm. By whip-like movements, it provides for the migration of the sperm to the egg. Per minute, a sperm in the female genital tract a distance to travel of about 3-4 mm. For the way up to the egg, the sperm need about 1-3 hours. There they are capable of fertilization 24-72 hours.

They produce sperm in the testes, they are expelled into the seminal fluid (semen) during orgasm in men.