What is sperm?
The sperm of a man is composed of various elements. It consists of only about three to five percent of sperm. Constitutes the largest share with about 60 to 70 percent of the secretions from the seminal vesicle, among others, are included in the fructose and proteins. From the secretion of the prostate, the semen is about 15 to 30 percent. Only a small part of the semen is composed of secretions of the epididymis.
How does a sperm test?
A semen analysis is performed after several days of sexual abstinence, and abstinence time can deteriorate by less than two and more than ten days, the quality of the ejaculate. The semen sample is obtained by masturbation and most immediately investigated and evaluated. Since the sample should be examined as quickly as possible, it is best to win the sperm sample directly into a Andrologielabor and to process it locally. The assessment is based on one of the World Health Organization (WHO) prescribed standards. It examines characteristics such as odor, appearance, color and pH, but also the number of sperm in the ejaculate, and their shape and motility.
What is a semen analysis?
In a semen analysis, the semen characteristics are considered and evaluated individually. The standard values are merely a guide for the "healthy" values of a fertile man.
Normal values of the ejaculate
Parameters standard values
Liquefaction time 15 - 30 min
Opal-gray color
Chestnut blossoms smell like
Volume of 2ml & ge
pH 7.2 & ge
& Ge sperm concentration 20 million sperm / ml
Total sperm count & ge 40 million sperm / ejaculate
Agility & ge 50% motile sperm or & ge 25% fast-moving sperm
Here are look different in each laboratory standard values
Vitality & ge 50% viable (living) sperm
MAR test <50%
WBC <1 million / ml
Alpha-glucosidase (neutral) & ge 20 mU / ejaculate
Citrate & ge 52 micromol / ejaculate
Acid phosphatase & ge 200 micromol / ejaculate
Fructose & ge 13 micromol / ejaculate
Zinc & ge 2.4 micromol / ejaculate
Min = minutes
ml = milliliter
mU = million units (a measure of enzyme activity)
M = million
micromol = micromoles
What can be diagnosed by semen analysis?
The semen analysis is used to check the fertility of a man. Reduced semen quality is referred to one of the following terms:
Asthenozoospermia: The sperm cells have only limited movement.
Azoospermia: The sperm sample sperm can not be detected.
Oligozoospermia: The sperm count is reduced.
Teratozoospermia: the proportion of normally shaped cells is less than 50 percent.
Investigation by the sperm may also be a seminal tract infection can be diagnosed. The pathogen can be determined through further investigation and then specifically selected medication for it.
What are the therapy at a reduced semen quality?
To a reduced sperm quality to clearly identify is connected to the first study with unfavorable results, a second or third study to confirm the result. A semen analysis is always just a snapshot. Treatment depends on the cause. While a varicose vein in the testicle (varicocele) can be removed surgically, the seminal tract infections are treated with medication.
Not remain uncommon causes of reduced semen quality, but unknown, so that no steps are taken. For an existing infertility should be investigated, whether there are and what methods of reproductive medicine opportunities to achieve a pregnancy in their partner.
Are there alternatives to semen analysis?
For semen analysis, there are no alternatives. Can lie there for an unfulfilled desire for children, the causes for the failure and pregnancy in the woman's partner should also be examined by a doctor and let the couple together to learn about possible causes of the infertility.
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