Testosterone

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Testosterone is a sex hormone (androgen), which is primarily responsible for the formation of male sex organs and characteristics and the maturation of sperm. In men, testosterone is formed mainly in the testes, a small portion of the hormone is also produced in the adrenal cortex. Even when women poured testosterone in small amounts by the adrenal gland and the ovaries, the major sex hormones of women are estrogens. The secretion of testosterone in men is regulated among others by the luteinizing hormone (LH). In addition to his role as sex hormone testosterone plays a role in muscle and fat metabolism.

Functions of Testosterone
Testosterone standard values
Deviations from the normal values ​​of testosterone

Functions of Testosterone

Testosterone in men provides for the development of primary and secondary sexual characteristics, which can mature sperm cells, stimulates the sebaceous glands of the skin, promotes hair loss, stimulates the secretion of pheromones, regulates the libido and has musle (anabolic).

In women, testosterone acts primarily as a control for other metabolic processes and is further processed into other sex hormones.

Testosterone standard values

In men, blood levels are 3.5 to 8.6 micrograms per liter than normal in women with the average concentration is about 0.6 micrograms per liter significantly lower.

Deviations from the normal values ​​of testosterone

Deviations from the standard values ​​are usually caused by genetic defects in hormone balance due (androgenitales syndrome) or caused by disease.

In men, increased levels of testosterone on testicular and kidney may be due to tumors. In women, increased testosterone levels can indicate, among other things the presence of polycystic ovary syndrome, as well as ovarian and renal tumors. Women with an elevated testosterone level often suffer from a strong body hair (hirsutism), with very strongly elevated levels can lead to the failure of the head hair.

A low testosterone occurs in men with a hypofunction of the gonads (hypogonadism) and may be manifested by underdeveloped genitalia and / or infertility. In women, hormonal contraceptives lead to a decline in testosterone levels. Regardless of sex reduce the blood levels of testosterone as a result of severe malnutrition or anorexia, and by the abuse of certain drugs.

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